Migración, adaptación e integración. Un estudio comprensivo en contextos socioeducativos ecuatorianos

Abstract

The main objective of this work of curricular integration is to understand the processes of migration, adaptation and integration of Venezuelan immigrant students in the General Basic Education of the Educational Unit "Victor Gerardo Aguilar" in the city of Cuenca, Ecuador, during the school year 2022-2023. This study is based on the theory of Intelligence and Biological Adaptation by Jean Piaget (1947), integration based on sociocultural realities by Solé et al. (2002), reports on migration, integration and figures by the International Organization for Migration (2021) and Ferrer et al. (2014) with their postulates on acculturation and adaptation of the immigrant. The research was framed within a qualitative approach, guided by the interpretive paradigm, and employed life histories as a method. Participant observation and semi-structured interviews were carried out using instruments such as the field diary and the interview guide, respectively. In total, 11 people were interviewed, including 3 teachers, 4 Venezuelan mothers and their children. To analyze and interpret the collected accounts, a discourse analysis technique was applied, supported by an analysis matrix based on Labov's (2003) evaluation model. The results and analysis of the information collected not only offer a deeper understanding of the challenges faced by Venezuelan students in the process of adaptation and integration, but also provide valuable inputs for promoting inclusive and intercultural education. This study represents a first step on the road to understanding and respecting cultural diversity, particularly in the context of Venezuelan migration.