Guía Metodológica para Desarrollar la Conciencia Fonológica en la Diversidad de Estudiantes de Primero de Básica de la Escuela de Educación Básica Agustín Carrión Heredia

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to develop phonological awareness in the diversity of students in the first-grade classroom, through a methodological guide. For which the development of phonological awareness and its influence on the initiation to reading and writing, as well as the importance of the teacher in the educational field to achieve it, was theoretically based, based on current perspectives according to various authors. From an interpretive approach, framed in the case study method and following its phases, the empirical research is developed, starting from the operationalization of the analysis category in indicators that were specified in the techniques and instruments applied such as direct observation, group of discussion, surveys and evaluation test, which allowed us to identify that all the indicators of phonological awareness present difficulties in the students, although mostly the manipulation skills, analysis of the phoneme and its phonological organization; Likewise, the lack of strategies by teachers to develop these skills is diagnosed. This diagnosis motivated the design of the methodological guide with a flexible nature, whose psycholinguistic and pedagogical foundations support its structure, didactic components, objectives, diversified methodological strategies, contents and its evaluation, constituting a valuable resource in the hands of teachers for the development of phonological awareness. of all students, from an inclusive approach.