El aprendizaje basado en problemas método para la construcción de comunidades de aprendizaje desde Lengua y Literatura para el octavo año de Educación Básica

Abstract

The Learning Communities and their impact on the teaching-learning process -TLP- has been a key point in improving the quality of education in recent years. This research focused on the development of critical thinking to strengthen the abilities, skills and abilities of students from the construction of learning communities through Problem Based Learning -PBL-, considering cooperative learning, individual work and group as essential factors in the process. The research has a qualitative approach, using the Action Research model. Techniques and instruments such as the sociogram, participant observation, field diaries, surveys of students and parents and finally semi-structured interviews with the senior teacher of the eighth year were used to systematize experiences and gather information. In the first phase, the initial situation was identified regarding the participation and intervention of the members of the educational community, in the area of language and literature like a diagnostic , to later determine how the PBL contributes to the development of critical thinking and the construction of learning communities, finally we propose a didactic guide based on the PBL, starting with the self-authoring model called PILAS. It is necessary to mention that the participation of the members of the educational community contributed significantly to the reflection, criticality and decision making, evidenced throughout the process. All this contributed to the improvement of academic performance and the construction of learning communities, where interest and pleasure was shown towards the use of the model used.