La evaluación como parte del proceso de aprendizaje y desarrollo de destrezas en las Ciencias Naturales en quinto año de EGB de la Unidad Educativa “16 de Abril”

Abstract

Currently, the educational evaluation not only fulfills the function of measuring the scope of specific objectives, but also represents an essential component to develop learning, skills and abilities. For this reason, the purpose of carrying out a research project that determines the importance of evaluation as a means to enhance learning and acquire skills arises (National Curriculum, 2019; Moreno, 2016; Bastidas and Florez 2014). The research development field was carried out in the fifth year of EGB, within the Educational Unit "Abril 16" of the city of Azogues. In this context, it was determined that the evaluation in Natural Sciences presents deficiencies and limitations maintaining a conception of an evaluation oriented in the domain of contents. In such consideration, the development of skills and competencies in the learning process is no longer prioritized. The research is framed in the interpretive paradigm and under a qualitative approach. During the process, techniques such as: participant observation, indepth interview, focus groups and documentary analysis were used, which allowed obtaining the necessary information to define how the evaluation is determined in each curricular level and how it is landed in its application. From this analysis, a guide for the evaluation of processes was developed, with the purpose of enhancing skills in the course of learning. For the construction of the guide, we worked in Unit 1 “Biotic and abiotic beings” which consists of three phases: criteria and indicators, methodology and evaluation. This guide was evaluated by authorities and teachers of the institution, determining that it is applicable and fulfills the function of evaluating learning processes.