Propuesta didáctica para desarrollar habilidades científicas en los estudiantes del 7º EB de la Unidad Educativa República del Ecuador por medio del estudio de la Astronomía

Abstract

The present degree work arises from the analysis of the INEVAL reports regarding science skills at the “Ser Estudiante” and PISA-D tests and the low results obtained from the Natural Science pretest applied to the students of the 7th EB of the Educational Unit República del Ecuador. Therefore, the objective of this work is to desing didactic proposal that helps reinforce scientific skills through Astronomy. The research assumed the socio-critical paradigm, with a qualitative approach and according to action-research. The data were collected from non-participating observation, documentary analysis, an interview and the application of a pretest and post-test. The didactic proposal includes four learning sessions that address topics such as global warming and challenges of human settlement on the Moon. The learning sessions follow a sequence that begins with the problem of global warming and part of the question: Where would we go if the Earth ceases to exist? From this question, the students can begin a process of inquiry about wich planet or satellite could host human life. After the application of the proposal, the analysis of the results reflects significant changes in the students’ scores at post-test, because students have learned, showing the didactical proposal strengths their scientific skills.