Actividades lúdicas para fortalecer el equilibrio en infantes de 4 a 5 años, paralelo D del CEI Rita Chávez de Muñoz, Cuenca-Ecuador

Abstract

The Curricular Integration Work "Playful activities to strengthen balance in infants from 4 to 5 years old, parallel "D" of the CEI "Rita Chávez de Muñoz", Cuenca-Ecuador" arises based on what was observed in the pre-professional practices in the Sub-Level Initial 2, parallel "D", morning session, where it was evidenced that the infants presented difficulties when performing gross motor activities, specifically in the area of balance. It was for this reason that the general objective was to propose playful activities through a booklet that strengthens balance in infants. This research was based on Vigotsky's constructivist pedagogy and on the theoretical foundations of several authors, who show that working on balance from early childhood helps infants to become autonomous individuals, interact with their peers and develop their motor skills. For the methodological framework we worked with the socio-critical paradigm, the qualitative approach, applied research and the Research-Action methodology; then the main category of study was established: Strengthening of balance, the same that was analyzed in the diagnosis; the techniques used were the interview and participant observation; instruments such as the interview guide, field diary and checklist were used, which provided relevant information for the analysis. Based on the results, the proposal was designed: In the implementation of the proposal, the infants were motivated to participate in the play activities and to control their body movements; the evaluation showed great results in relation to the static equilibrium of the diagnosis (maintaining a fixed position for 10 seconds), since most of the infants were able to have greater control of their movements (remaining static for 25 seconds); In the dynamic balance, noticeable changes could be seen, since in the diagnostic phase, the infants were constantly wobbling and falling during the activities; in the evaluation phase, safety was observed, and they were able to maintain their balance when moving around and with obstacles. Finally, the proposal implemented was of great help, since the proposed objective was achieved.