Guía didáctica para la enseñanza de las operaciones básicas en los estudiantes de sexto año de EGB.

Abstract

This research work aims to design and implement a didactic guide that contributes to the teaching of basic operations for boys and girls belonging to the sixth year of EGB in the Ricardo Muñoz Chávez Educational Unit. Because, in the process of pre-professional practices, a discontinuity of knowledge was found in relation to the mentioned topic. Therefore, this project focuses on applying teaching methods to strengthen addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, through the development of a guide. Regarding the essential theoretical references that support this work, Pino and Urías (2020) are considered who provide the definition of a didactic guide, a scientific description that cemented the elaboration of the current proposal. In the same way, it is stated that the proposed guide is based on the format of the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Chile (2014). In turn, Baldor (1986) and Cortés (2016) expose what the basic arithmetic operations derive from and where their prelude is from. In addition, this research embraces an interpretive paradigm with a qualitative approach where interviews, surveys, and an initial and final test are used to collect information. With respect to the results of the investigation, the students improved satisfactorily in the resolution of exercises and problems regarding the 4 basic operations; however, in some students there was no improvement.