Estrategias didácticas y lúdicas para el aprendizaje activo de la lengua kichwa en estudiantes de quinto grado de la UECIB “ABC”

Abstract

In the present investigation carried out in the Intercultural Bilingual Community Educational Unit "ABC", located in the San Pablo de Tenta parish, in the Saraguro canton of the province of Loja, the importance of teaching the Kichwa language was addressed to the students. of fifth grade of basic education, seeking to prevent their native language from continuing to decline. In Ecuador, the ancestral languages are being affected, due to their little use and lack of passing on from generation to generation, as used to be done in the past. However, we are still on time to save them, because fortunately, there are still people who continue to speak this language. Although there are certainly several factors that have caused this language to be lost, such as the hegemony of Spanish, the lack of linguistic policies, discrimination, migration and the media that affect one way or another, because many young people and children want to belong to other cultures and be accepted in society. Therefore, contextualized didactic and playful strategies were proposed, whose purpose is aimed at contributing to the acquisition of skills to learn the Kichwa language, with students being the center of attention to design and apply these strategies that strengthen the teaching-learning process. The research is based on the contributions of different authors regarding the concepts of didactics, didactic strategies, play and games, among the main contributions correspond to the Model of the Bilingual Intercultural Education System (MOSEIB, 2013). The methodology has been developed as a case study. Techniques such as interview, participant observation and diagnosis were used to collect information; with their respective instruments: field diary, observation guide, script of interview questions and questionnaire-diagnosis guide. The results that were obtained in terms of the diagnosis made to the students and the interview with the teacher, resulted in the identification of a significant loss of the Kichwa language, since it was shown that both the tutor- teacher and the students do not dominate the language. idiom. Therefore, it is important that these needs are addressed as soon as possible to prevent the continued loss of this important ancestral language. For this, a didactic guide was designed that is presented as an instrument that will help improve and strengthen the teaching and acquisition of the Kichwa language. It is essential that, within Bilingual Intercultural Education, we guarantee the teaching of the different ancestral languages. For this reason, this work intends to provide active didactic strategies, to be used during the teaching-learning process, which can be applied inside and outside the classroom, and which are also practical, fun and motivating, so that there is significant learning in students and, in turn, strengthening ancestral languages to prevent them from being lost.