Retos y desafíos del uso de tecnologías en pandemia: perspectiva desde docentes y estudiantes de educación superior en Cañar-Ecuador

Abstract

The problem arose around the sudden process of adaptation to virtual teaching environments during the pandemic due to the coronavirus - COVID-19-, therefore teachers had the need to transform their methodological strategies, adapt to a virtual modality and incorporate Information and Communication Technologies [ICT] for teaching and learning; therefore, they developed new digital competences as an innovative factor within the educational practice. The objective of the research is to analyze the challenges of teachers and students of the Experimental Science Education course at the National University of Education - UNAE, related to the use of technologies in the pandemic. The project responds to a mixed approach, has a pragmatic paradigm and is cross-sectional.The techniques and instruments selected for data collection included a survey of teachers and students, an interview with expert teachers and the participation of a focus group with ECE students. Among the findings are the persistence of the digital divide, difficulties in the use of technologies in pandemic, the adaptation of methodological strategies, the main digital tools used, the socioemotional effects and the impact of post-pandemic virtual education. As a proposal, methodological guidelines based on the TPACK model are provided for post-pandemic teaching. It is concluded that the use of technologies is fundamental to give continuity to the educational processes and to innovate the teaching practice, however, it is necessary to be constantly prepared to face the changes of the digital age.